References

These sources were used to develop the Genetics Home Reference condition summary on microphthalmia.

Asai-Coakwell M, French CR, Ye M, Garcha K, Bigot K, Perera AG, Staehling-Hampton K, Mema SC, Chanda B, Mushegian A, Bamforth S, Doschak MR, Li G, Dobbs MB, Giampietro PF, Brooks BP, Vijayalakshmi P, Sauvé Y, Abitbol M, Sundaresan P, van Heyningen V, Pourquié O, Underhill TM, Waskiewicz AJ, Lehmann OJ. Incomplete penetrance and phenotypic variability characterize Gdf6-attributable oculo-skeletal phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Mar 15;18(6):1110-21. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp008. Epub 2009 Jan 6. PubMed citation
Gal A, Rau I, El Matri L, Kreienkamp HJ, Fehr S, Baklouti K, Chouchane I, Li Y, Rehbein M, Fuchs J, Fledelius HC, Vilhelmsen K, Schorderet DF, Munier FL, Ostergaard E, Thompson DA, Rosenberg T. Autosomal-recessive posterior microphthalmos is caused by mutations in PRSS56, a gene encoding a trypsin-like serine protease. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Mar 11;88(3):382-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.02.006. PubMed citation
Gallardo ME, Rodríguez De Córdoba S, Schneider AS, Dwyer MA, Ayuso C, Bovolenta P. Analysis of the developmental SIX6 homeobox gene in patients with anophthalmia/microphthalmia. Am J Med Genet A. 2004 Aug 15;129A(1):92-4. PubMed citation
Gonzalez-Rodriguez J, Pelcastre EL, Tovilla-Canales JL, Garcia-Ortiz JE, Amato-Almanza M, Villanueva-Mendoza C, Espinosa-Mattar Z, Zenteno JC. Mutational screening of CHX10, GDF6, OTX2, RAX and SOX2 genes in 50 unrelated microphthalmia-anophthalmia-coloboma (MAC) spectrum cases. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010 Aug;94(8):1100-4. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2009.173500. Epub 2010 May 21. PubMed citation
Iseri SU, Wyatt AW, Nürnberg G, Kluck C, Nürnberg P, Holder GE, Blair E, Salt A, Ragge NK. Use of genome-wide SNP homozygosity mapping in small pedigrees to identify new mutations in VSX2 causing recessive microphthalmia and a semidominant inner retinal dystrophy. Hum Genet. 2010 Jul;128(1):51-60. doi: 10.1007/s00439-010-0823-6. Epub 2010 Apr 23. PubMed citation
Lequeux L, Rio M, Vigouroux A, Titeux M, Etchevers H, Malecaze F, Chassaing N, Calvas P. Confirmation of RAX gene involvement in human anophthalmia. Clin Genet. 2008 Oct;74(4):392-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01078.x. Epub 2008 Sep 9. PubMed citation
Morrison D, FitzPatrick D, Hanson I, Williamson K, van Heyningen V, Fleck B, Jones I, Chalmers J, Campbell H. National study of microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma (MAC) in Scotland: investigation of genetic aetiology. J Med Genet. 2002 Jan;39(1):16-22. PubMed citation
Ragge NK, Subak-Sharpe ID, Collin JR. A practical guide to the management of anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Eye (Lond). 2007 Oct;21(10):1290-300. Review. PubMed citation
Schimmenti LA, de la Cruz J, Lewis RA, Karkera JD, Manligas GS, Roessler E, Muenke M. Novel mutation in sonic hedgehog in non-syndromic colobomatous microphthalmia. Am J Med Genet A. 2003 Jan 30;116A(3):215-21. PubMed citation
Shah SP, Taylor AE, Sowden JC, Ragge NK, Russell-Eggitt I, Rahi JS, Gilbert CE; Surveillance of Eye Anomalies (SEA-UK) Special Interest Group. Anophthalmos, microphthalmos, and typical coloboma in the United Kingdom: a prospective study of incidence and risk. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Feb 1;52(1):558-64. doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-5263. PubMed citation
Verma AS, Fitzpatrick DR. Anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007 Nov 26;2:47. Review. PubMed citation
Ye M, Berry-Wynne KM, Asai-Coakwell M, Sundaresan P, Footz T, French CR, Abitbol M, Fleisch VC, Corbett N, Allison WT, Drummond G, Walter MA, Underhill TM, Waskiewicz AJ, Lehmann OJ. Mutation of the bone morphogenetic protein GDF3 causes ocular and skeletal anomalies. Hum Mol Genet. 2010 Jan 15;19(2):287-98. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp496. Epub 2009 Oct 28. PubMed citation


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