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References

These sources were used to develop the Genetics Home Reference condition summary on spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

Atsuta N, Watanabe H, Ito M, Banno H, Suzuki K, Katsuno M, Tanaka F, Tamakoshi A, Sobue G. Natural history of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA): a study of 223 Japanese patients. Brain. 2006 Jun;129(Pt 6):1446-55. Epub 2006 Apr 18. PubMed citation
Finsterer J. Bulbar and spinal muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease): a review. Eur J Neurol. 2009 May;16(5):556-61. Review. PubMed citation
Finsterer J. Perspectives of Kennedy's disease. J Neurol Sci. 2010 Nov 15;298(1-2):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.025. Epub 2010 Sep 16. Review. PubMed citation
Gene Review: Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy
Katsuno M, Banno H, Suzuki K, Adachi H, Tanaka F, Sobue G. Clinical features and molecular mechanisms of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Adv Exp Med Biol. 2010;685:64-74. Review. PubMed citation
Monks DA, Rao P, Mo K, Johansen JA, Lewis G, Kemp MQ. Androgen receptor and Kennedy disease/spinal bulbar muscular atrophy. Horm Behav. 2008 May;53(5):729-40. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.12.009. Epub 2008 Jan 5. Review. PubMed citation
Poletti A, Negri-Cesi P, Martini L. Reflections on the diseases linked to mutations of the androgen receptor. Endocrine. 2005 Dec;28(3):243-62. Review. PubMed citation
Schmidt BJ, Greenberg CR, Allingham-Hawkins DJ, Spriggs EL. Expression of X-linked bulbospinal muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease) in two homozygous women. Neurology. 2002 Sep 10;59(5):770-2. PubMed citation

Reviewed: December 2012

Published: May 13, 2013