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Genetics Home Reference: your guide to understanding genetic conditions
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RPS26

Reviewed February 2012

What is the official name of the RPS26 gene?

The official name of this gene is “ribosomal protein S26.”

RPS26 is the gene's official symbol. The RPS26 gene is also known by other names, listed below.

What is the normal function of the RPS26 gene?

The RPS26 gene provides instructions for making one of approximately 80 different ribosomal proteins, which are components of cellular structures called ribosomes. Ribosomes process the cell's genetic instructions to create proteins.

Each ribosome is made up of two parts (subunits) called the large and small subunits. The protein produced from the RPS26 gene is among those found in the small subunit.

The specific functions of the RPS26 protein and the other ribosomal proteins within these subunits are unclear. Some ribosomal proteins are involved in the assembly or stability of ribosomes. Others help carry out the ribosome's main function of building new proteins. Studies suggest that some ribosomal proteins may have other functions, such as participating in chemical signaling pathways within the cell, regulating cell division, and controlling the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis).

Does the RPS26 gene share characteristics with other genes?

The RPS26 gene belongs to a family of genes called RPS (S ribosomal proteins).

A gene family is a group of genes that share important characteristics. Classifying individual genes into families helps researchers describe how genes are related to each other. For more information, see What are gene families? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/genefamilies) in the Handbook.

How are changes in the RPS26 gene related to health conditions?

Diamond-Blackfan anemia - caused by mutations in the RPS26 gene

At least nine RPS26 gene mutations have been identified in individuals with Diamond-Blackfan anemia. These mutations are believed to affect the stability or function of the RPS26 protein. Studies indicate that a shortage of functioning ribosomal proteins may increase the self-destruction of blood-forming cells in the bone marrow, resulting in a low number of red blood cells (anemia). Abnormal regulation of cell division or inappropriate triggering of apoptosis may contribute to the other health problems and unusual physical features that affect some people with Diamond-Blackfan anemia.

Where is the RPS26 gene located?

Cytogenetic Location: 12q13

Molecular Location on chromosome 12: base pairs 56,435,685 to 56,438,006

The RPS26 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 12 at position 13.

The RPS26 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 12 at position 13.

More precisely, the RPS26 gene is located from base pair 56,435,685 to base pair 56,438,006 on chromosome 12.

See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/genelocation) in the Handbook.

Where can I find additional information about RPS26?

You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about RPS26 helpful.

  • Educational resources - Information pages
    Molecular Biology of the Cell (fourth edition, 2002): The RNA message is decoded on ribosomes (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26829/)
  • Gene Reviews - Clinical summary (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=diamond-b)

  • Genetic Testing Registry - Repository of genetic test information

    • GTR: Genetic tests for RPS26 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/tests/?term=6231%5Bgeneid%5D)

You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.

  • PubMed - Recent literature (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((RPS26%5BTIAB%5D)%20OR%20(ribosomal%20protein%20S26%5BTIAB%5D))%20AND%20((Genes%5BMH%5D)%20OR%20(Genetic%20Phenomena%5BMH%5D))%20AND%20english%5Bla%5D%20AND%20human%5Bmh%5D%20AND%20%22last%203600%20days%22%5Bdp%5D)
  • OMIM - Genetic disorder catalog (http://omim.org/entry/603701)

  • Research Resources - Tools for researchers

    • Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Mutation Database (http://www.dbagenes.unito.it/home.php?select_db=RPS26)
    • Entrez Gene (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6231)
    • GeneCards (http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?id_type=entrezgene&id=6231)
    • HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?hgnc_id=10414)

What other names do people use for the RPS26 gene or gene products?

  • DBA10
  • 40S ribosomal protein S26
  • RS26_HUMAN
  • S26

See How are genetic conditions and genes named? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/mutationsanddisorders/naming) in the Handbook.

What glossary definitions help with understanding RPS26?

anemia ; apoptosis ; bone marrow ; cell ; cell division ; gene ; protein ; ribosomes ; subunit

You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary (http://www.ghr.nlm.nih.gov/glossary).

References

  • Boria I, Garelli E, Gazda HT, Aspesi A, Quarello P, Pavesi E, Ferrante D, Meerpohl JJ, Kartal M, Da Costa L, Proust A, Leblanc T, Simansour M, Dahl N, Fröjmark AS, Pospisilova D, Cmejla R, Beggs AH, Sheen MR, Landowski M, Buros CM, Clinton CM, Dobson LJ, Vlachos A, Atsidaftos E, Lipton JM, Ellis SR, Ramenghi U, Dianzani I. The ribosomal basis of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia: mutation and database update. Hum Mutat. 2010 Dec;31(12):1269-79. doi: 10.1002/humu.21383. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20960466?dopt=Abstract)
  • Doherty L, Sheen MR, Vlachos A, Choesmel V, O'Donohue MF, Clinton C, Schneider HE, Sieff CA, Newburger PE, Ball SE, Niewiadomska E, Matysiak M, Glader B, Arceci RJ, Farrar JE, Atsidaftos E, Lipton JM, Gleizes PE, Gazda HT. Ribosomal protein genes RPS10 and RPS26 are commonly mutated in Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Feb 12;86(2):222-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.12.015. Epub 2010 Jan 28. Erratum in: Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Apr 9;86(4):655. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20116044?dopt=Abstract)
  • Ellis SR, Gleizes PE. Diamond Blackfan anemia: ribosomal proteins going rogue. Semin Hematol. 2011 Apr;48(2):89-96. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2011.02.005. Review. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21435505?dopt=Abstract)
  • Entrez Gene (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6231)
  • Farrar JE, Dahl N. Untangling the phenotypic heterogeneity of Diamond Blackfan anemia. Semin Hematol. 2011 Apr;48(2):124-35. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2011.02.003. Review. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21435509?dopt=Abstract)
  • Ito E, Konno Y, Toki T, Terui K. Molecular pathogenesis in Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Int J Hematol. 2010 Oct;92(3):413-8. doi: 10.1007/s12185-010-0693-7. Epub 2010 Sep 30. Review. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20882441?dopt=Abstract)
  • Narla A, Hurst SN, Ebert BL. Ribosome defects in disorders of erythropoiesis. Int J Hematol. 2011 Feb;93(2):144-9. doi: 10.1007/s12185-011-0776-0. Epub 2011 Feb 1. Review. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21279816?dopt=Abstract)
  • OMIM: RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S26 (http://omim.org/entry/603701)

 

The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/consult/findingprofessional) in the Handbook.

 
Reviewed: February 2012
Published: May 13, 2013