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Genetics Home Reference: your guide to understanding genetic conditions
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SLC25A19

Reviewed November 2007

What is the official name of the SLC25A19 gene?

The official name of this gene is “solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate carrier), member 19.”

SLC25A19 is the gene's official symbol. The SLC25A19 gene is also known by other names, listed below.

What is the normal function of the SLC25A19 gene?

The SLC25A19 gene provides instructions for producing a protein that is a member of the solute carrier (SLC) family of proteins. Proteins in the SLC family transport various compounds across the membranes surrounding the cell and its component parts. The protein produced from the SLC25A19 gene transports a molecule called thiamine pyrophosphate into the mitochondria, the energy-producing centers of cells. Thiamine pyrophosphate is involved in the functioning of a group of mitochondrial enzymes called the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This complex acts on a compound called alpha-ketoglutaric acid as part of an important series of reactions known as the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle. The transport of thiamine pyrophosphate into the mitochondria is believed to be important in brain development.

Does the SLC25A19 gene share characteristics with other genes?

The SLC25A19 gene belongs to a family of genes called SLC (solute carriers).

A gene family is a group of genes that share important characteristics. Classifying individual genes into families helps researchers describe how genes are related to each other. For more information, see What are gene families? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/genefamilies) in the Handbook.

How are changes in the SLC25A19 gene related to health conditions?

Amish lethal microcephaly - caused by mutations in the SLC25A19 gene

All known individuals with Amish lethal microcephaly have a mutation in which the protein building block (amino acid) alanine is substituted for the amino acid glycine at position 177 of the SLC25A19 protein, written as Gly177Ala or G177A. Researchers believe that this mutation interferes with the transport of thiamine pyrophosphate into the mitochondria and the activity of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, resulting in the abnormal brain development and the excess of alpha-ketoglutaric acid in the urine characteristic of Amish lethal microcephaly.

Where is the SLC25A19 gene located?

Cytogenetic Location: 17q25.3

Molecular Location on chromosome 17: base pairs 73,269,060 to 73,285,529

The SLC25A19 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 17 at position 25.3.

The SLC25A19 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 17 at position 25.3.

More precisely, the SLC25A19 gene is located from base pair 73,269,060 to base pair 73,285,529 on chromosome 17.

See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/genelocation) in the Handbook.

Where can I find additional information about SLC25A19?

You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about SLC25A19 helpful.

  • Gene Reviews - Clinical summary (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1365/)

  • Genetic Testing Registry - Repository of genetic test information

    • GTR: Genetic tests for SLC25A19 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/tests/?term=60386%5Bgeneid%5D)

You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.

  • PubMed - Recent literature (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=(SLC25A19%5BTIAB%5D)%20OR%20((DNC%5BTIAB%5D)%20OR%20(MUP1%5BTIAB%5D)%20OR%20(MCPHA%5BTIAB%5D)%20OR%20(mitochondrial%20deoxynucleotide%20carrier%5BTIAB%5D))%20AND%20((Genes%5BMH%5D)%20OR%20(Genetic%20Phenomena%5BMH%5D))%20AND%20english%5Bla%5D%20AND%20human%5Bmh%5D%20AND%20%22last%203600%20days%22%5Bdp%5D)
  • OMIM - Genetic disorder catalog (http://omim.org/entry/606521)

  • Research Resources - Tools for researchers

    • Entrez Gene (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/60386)
    • GeneCards (http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?id_type=entrezgene&id=60386)
    • HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?hgnc_id=14409)

What other names do people use for the SLC25A19 gene or gene products?

  • DNC
  • DNC_HUMAN
  • MCPHA
  • mitochondrial deoxynucleotide carrier
  • mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1
  • MUP1
  • solute carrier family 25, member 19
  • solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial deoxynucleotide carrier), member 19
  • TPC

See How are genetic conditions and genes named? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/mutationsanddisorders/naming) in the Handbook.

What glossary definitions help with understanding SLC25A19?

amino acid ; carrier ; cell ; compound ; dehydrogenase ; gene ; glycine ; microcephaly ; mitochondria ; molecule ; mutation ; protein ; solute ; thiamine

You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary (http://www.ghr.nlm.nih.gov/glossary).

References

  • Dolce V, Fiermonte G, Runswick MJ, Palmieri F, Walker JE. The human mitochondrial deoxynucleotide carrier and its role in the toxicity of nucleoside antivirals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Feb 27;98(5):2284-8. Epub 2001 Feb 20. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11226231?dopt=Abstract)
  • Entrez Gene (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/60386)
  • Iacobazzi V, Ventura M, Fiermonte G, Prezioso G, Rocchi M, Palmieri F. Genomic organization and mapping of the gene (SLC25A19) encoding the human mitochondrial deoxynucleotide carrier (DNC). Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2001;93(1-2):40-2. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474176?dopt=Abstract)
  • Lindhurst MJ, Fiermonte G, Song S, Struys E, De Leonardis F, Schwartzberg PL, Chen A, Castegna A, Verhoeven N, Mathews CK, Palmieri F, Biesecker LG. Knockout of Slc25a19 causes mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate depletion, embryonic lethality, CNS malformations, and anemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 24;103(43):15927-32. Epub 2006 Oct 11. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17035501?dopt=Abstract)
  • OMIM: SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 25 (MITOCHONDRIAL THIAMINE PYROPHOSPHATE CARRIER), MEMBER 19 (http://omim.org/entry/606521)
  • Rosenberg MJ, Agarwala R, Bouffard G, Davis J, Fiermonte G, Hilliard MS, Koch T, Kalikin LM, Makalowska I, Morton DH, Petty EM, Weber JL, Palmieri F, Kelley RI, Schäffer AA, Biesecker LG. Mutant deoxynucleotide carrier is associated with congenital microcephaly. Nat Genet. 2002 Sep;32(1):175-9. Epub 2002 Aug 19. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12185364?dopt=Abstract)

 

The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? (http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/consult/findingprofessional) in the Handbook.

 
Reviewed: November 2007
Published: May 20, 2013